Muffler construction



Sept. 30, 1947 w. F. SAUERBIEYR 2,428,040

MUFFLER CONSTRUCTION Filed June 2o, 1945 2 sheets-sheet 1 lo u- @2 5 Juve/why MVLLCMM 1 wALToN IF, SAUERBIER Sept. 30, 1947 w F. sAuERBlgR MUFFLER CONSTRUCTION Filed June 20, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 gmc/MM wALToN F. sAuERBlER @www FIG. 4

FIG. 3

Patented Sept. 30, 1947 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MUFFLER CONSTRUCTION Walton F. Sauerbier, United States Navy Application June 20, 1945, Serial No. 600,625

(Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as amended April 30, 1928; 370 O. G. 757) 2 Claims.

This invention relates to exhaust muillers and more particularly to a new and improved means and apparatus for reducing pulsating exhaust gases to a smooth continuous ow.

I-Ieretofore exhaust mufilers for internal combustion engines have been proposed wherein tubular chambers are provided with a plurality of baffles by means of which turbulence may be induced in the exhaust gases as they pass therethrough. The present invention is directed to an exhaust muffler of this type, but wherein the internally disposed baffles are particularly arranged and assembled so that there is a maximum smoothening of the exhaust gases during their passage therethrough with a minimum back pressure resistance afforded to such passage.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved exhaust manifold construction wherein a minimum number of parts of minimum area are required in order to reduce exhaust gas pulsations and wherein these parts are arranged for most efficient and practical operation.

The prior types of muii'lers are frequently difficult to disassemble and inspect or clean, and it is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas mufller of the unit replacement type, wherein the core portion may be bodily removed by a mechanic without the extensive use of complicated tools and may readily be replaced so that the muflier may soon be returned to service.

Still another object of this invention is to provide in a muilier of the character shown, means whereby unequal heat expansion may be compensated for so that there is no danger of the parts being damaged by the excessive temperatures ordinarily encountered in use.

Still another object is to provide an exhaust muffler, the parts of Awhich are securely fixed in place, which will not rattle or loosen during use, wherein a minimum number of threaded parts are disposed in the exhaust stream, and wherein the turbulence induced in the exhaust gases serves to collect carbon and material deposits out of the normal path thereof.

For a more complete understanding of the invention and for other objects and advantages thereof, reference should now be had to the following description in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is an axial sectional View through an exhaust muiller constructed in accordance with the present invention and taken along a line substantially corresponding to line I--I of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of a muiiier constructed in accordance with Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a plan View of an end plate taken along a line substantially corresponding to line 3-3 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 4 is a detailed side elevation partially broken away of a portion of the embodiment iln lustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional View through a muffler taken along a line substantially corresponding to line 5-5 of Fig. l;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detailed sectional view through a portion of a turbine plate and taken along a line substantially corresponding to line 6--6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 'l is an enlarged detailed view taken along a line substantially corresponding to line 'I-'l of Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the embodiment illustrated comprises a tubular jacket chamber formed by an inner shell Ii) and an outer shell II provided with suitable heat insulating packing, such as asbestos, I2 therebetween and which forms an insulated, elongated, tubular chamber through which exhaust gases may pass. In the embodiment shown, 'there is provided at opposite ends of the chamber outwardly extending peripheral flanges I3 and Hi, each of which has bolt-receiving openings i5 to receive clamp bolts spaced about the marginal periphery of the ange.

At the upper end of the mufer is provided an end plate I6 secured to the flange I3 by means of suitable nuts and bolts I'I, which end plate has a central extension I8 flanged at I5! as shown. The lower portion of the chamber is closed by a similar end plate 26 secured in place by bolts ZI and having extension 22 with a flange 23.

As shown in Fig. 4, the central extension 22 has spaced inwardly directed points 24 and is provided with a transverse bridge 25 welded between these points.

A bailie supporting framework is provided including a central support rod 2li and spaced rods 21, 28, 29 and 3B thereabout. The uppermost end of the rod 26 may be threaded as shown and provided with a single securing nut 3l, access to which may be gained through the extension I8 in the upper end assembly. The nut 3| engages with the upper surface of the transversely extending bridge 32 which may be suitably welded to the inner shell I0 and, if desired, may be provided with reinforcing braces 33.

In order properly to control the gas flow through the muiiler, there are provided at spaced intervals a plurality of turbine plates 34, five being employed in the commercial adaptation now in use; these turbine plates are preferably constructed as illustrated in Fig. 7 wherein the plate 34 has been slit radially, and the slit portions upwardly deformed to provide a plurality of radially extending angular vanes 35, the adjacent inner ends of which abut against and are Welded to an inner reinforcing ring 36, the outer circumjacent portions of which are similarly attached to an outer reinforcing ring 31. The angle of the vanes 35 may be 45, which angle has been found eifective in use, however, other angles may be employed as required.

It will be obvious that exhaust gases passing through the exhaust manifold in either direction will impinge upon the inclined surfaces and be rotated thereby. Since the exhaust gas is traveling at a relatively high speed, the angular movement imparted thereto by the turbine plate blades causes a centrifugal or whirling action of the 4gas and consequently tends to separate carbon particles to the outer area away from the gas-conducting passages through the turbine blades. Thisl rotary motion imparted to the exhaust gas and the construction wherein the gas impinges upon successive turbine plates so formed smooths the pulsations from the gas flow until there is a continuous smooth passage of gas from the muffler.

The advantages of assembly and disassembly will be apparent. Removal of the flange fastening bolts 2l and the core securing nut 3| permits the core to be extracted from the shell, or vice versa, soA that the interior of the muiier and the baffle plate construction are completely exposed to View. It will be apparent that with such construction and immediate access which can readily be gained to the interior of the muffier, a more thorough and more efficient cleaning can be effected. There are no baiiles or projections secured to the inside of the shell to interfere with thorough cleaning of these parts.

While I have shown a particular embodiment of my invention, it will be understood, of course, that I do not wish to be limited thereto since many modications may be made, and I, therefore, contemplate by the appended claims toy cover any such modifications as fall Within the true spirit and scope of my invention.

The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States of America for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.

What is claimed is:

1. An exhaust muilier for internal combustion engines comprising an elongated tubular chamber having removable end plates and an inlet at one end and an outlet at the opposite end to permit the flow of exhaust gases therethrough, a plurality of spaced turbine plates having radial vanes arranged within the chamber, each vane being at an angle of about 45 with respect to a transverse section of the chamber, and each vane being arranged to deflect the exhaust gases in the same direction to impart rotary motion to said gases without tending to reverse the flow of said gases, support means for the plates comprising an axially extending rod to which the central portions of the plates are secured, and a plurality of parallel rods arranged thereabout and secured to the marginal edges of the plates to retain them in structural alignment, said support means being secured to one of the removable end plates of the chamber, said axially extending rod being connected at the opposite end of the chamber to a transverse bridge, and said parallel rods being joined to the axially extending rod adjacent said transverse bridge, whereby, upon disconnecting the axially extending rod from the transverse bridge, the turbine plates and support means secured to one of the removable end plates can be removed as a unit.

2. An exhaust muffler for internal combustion engines comprising an elongated tubular chamber having removable end plates and an inlet at one end and an outlet at the opposite end to permit the ow of exhaust gases therethrough, a plurality of spaced turbine plates having radial vanes arranged Within the chamber, each vane being at an angle of about 45 with respect to a transverse section of the chamber, each vane being arranged to deflect the exhaust gases in the same direction to impart rotary motion to said gases without tending to reverse the flow of said gases, the ends of said vanes being secured to inner and outer reinforcing rings, support means for the plates comprising an axially extending rod to which the central portions of the plates are secured, and a plurality of parallel rods arranged thereabout and secured to the marginal edges of the plates to retain them in structural alignment, said support means being secured to one of the removable end plates of the chamber, said axially extending rod being connected at the opposite end of the chamber to a transverse bridge, and said parallel rods being joined to the axially extending rod adjacent said transverse bridge, whereby, upon disconnecting the axially extending rod from the transverse bridge, the turbine plates and support means secured to one of the removable end plates can be removed as a unit.

WALTON F. SAUERBIER.

REFERENCES CITED rI`he following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 825,010 Snow July 3, 1906 1,152,381 Kenney Aug. 31, 1915 1,871,337 Moulding Aug. 9, 1932 1,067,468 Collins July 15, 1913 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 364,222 Great Britain Jan. 7, 1932 

